IT Networking Rau Beginners
IT Networking Rau Beginners: Intro
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog cov hauv paus ntawm IT networking. Peb yuav hais txog cov ncauj lus xws li kev tsim kho vaj tsev, cov khoom siv hauv lub network, thiab cov kev pabcuam hauv lub network. Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm no, koj yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo txog IT networking ua haujlwm li cas.
Lub Computer Network yog dab tsi?
A computer network is a group of computers that are connected to each other. The purpose of a computer network is to share data and resources. For example, you can use a computer network to share files, printers, and internet connection.
Hom Computer Networks
Muaj 7 hom computer networks:
Ib cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam Network (LAN): yog ib pawg ntawm cov khoos phis tawj uas txuas rau ib leeg hauv ib cheeb tsam me xws li tsev, chaw ua haujlwm, lossis tsev kawm ntawv.
Wide Area Network (WAN): WAN yog lub network loj dua uas tuaj yeem hla ntau lub tsev lossis txawm lub tebchaws.
Wireless Local Are Network (WLAN): WLAN yog LAN uas siv wireless technology los txuas cov khoom siv.
Nroog Cheeb Tsam Network (MAN): Ib tug txiv neej yog ib lub nroog thoob plaws lub nroog.
Tus Kheej Cheeb Tsam Network (PAN): A PAN is a network that connects personal devices such as computers, laptops, and smartphones.
Storage Area Network (SAN): SAN yog lub network uas siv los txuas cov khoom siv cia.
Virtual Private Network (VPN): VPN yog ib lub network ntiag tug uas siv pej xeem network (xws li internet) los txuas cov chaw nyob deb lossis cov neeg siv.
Kev Siv Network
Nov yog cov npe ntawm cov lus siv hauv Networking:
IP chaw nyob: Txhua lub cuab yeej ntawm lub network muaj qhov chaw nyob IP tshwj xeeb. IP chaw nyob yog siv los txheeb xyuas lub cuab yeej ntawm lub network. IP stands rau Internet raws tu qauv.
Nodes: Lub node yog ib qho khoom siv uas txuas nrog lub network. Piv txwv ntawm nodes muaj xws li computers, printers, thiab routers.
Routers: Router yog ib lub cuab yeej uas xa cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub network.
Hloov: Ib qho kev hloov pauv yog ib qho khoom siv uas txuas ntau yam khoom siv ua ke ntawm tib lub network. Hloov pauv tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau tus neeg tau txais kev npaj nkaus xwb.
Hom kev hloov pauv:
Hloov Circuit Court: Hauv kev hloov hluav taws xob, kev sib txuas ntawm ob lub cuab yeej tau mob siab rau qhov kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb. Thaum qhov kev sib txuas tau tsim, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lwm yam khoom siv.
Packet switching: Hauv pob ntawv hloov, cov ntaub ntawv muab faib ua cov pob ntawv me. Txhua pob ntawv tuaj yeem coj txoj kev sib txawv mus rau qhov chaw. Packet switching yog qhov ua tau zoo dua li kev hloov hluav taws xob vim tias nws tso cai rau ntau yam khoom siv los sib koom tib lub network sib txuas.
Cov lus hloov: Message switching yog ib hom kev hloov pob ntawv uas siv los xa cov lus ntawm cov khoos phis tawj.
Chaw Muag Khoom: Cov chaw nres nkoj yog siv los txuas cov khoom siv rau lub network. Txhua lub cuab yeej muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj uas tuaj yeem siv los txuas rau ntau hom kev tes hauj lwm.
Nov yog qhov piv txwv rau cov chaw nres nkoj: xav txog cov chaw nres nkoj ua qhov hluav taws xob hauv koj lub tsev. Koj tuaj yeem siv tib lub qhov hluav taws xob los ntsaws rau hauv lub teeb, TV, lossis computer.
Network cable hom
Muaj 4 hom network cables:
Coaxial Cable: Coaxial cable yog ib hom cable uas siv rau cable TV thiab internet. Nws yog ua los ntawm cov tub ntxhais tooj liab uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom siv insulating thiab lub tsho tiv thaiv.
Twisted khub cable: Twisted khub cable yog ib hom cable uas siv rau Ethernet tes hauj lwm. Nws yog ua los ntawm ob lub xov tooj tooj liab uas sib tw ua ke. Qhov twisting pab txo kev cuam tshuam.
Fiber ntau optic cable: Fiber optic cable yog ib hom cable uas siv lub teeb xa cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog ua los ntawm iav los yog yas core uas yog ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom siv cladding.
Wireless: Wireless yog ib hom network uas siv xov tooj cua nthwv dej los xa cov ntaub ntawv. Wireless networks tsis siv lub cev cables los txuas cov khoom siv.
Topology
Muaj 4 hom network topologies:
Bus topology: Nyob rau hauv lub tsheb npav topology, tag nrho cov khoom siv txuas nrog ib lub cable.
Zoo:
- Yooj yim los txuas cov khoom siv tshiab
- Yooj yim rau kev daws teeb meem
tsis zoo:
- Yog tias lub ntsiab cable tsis ua haujlwm, tag nrho lub network poob qis
- Kev ua tau zoo txo qis vim muaj ntau cov khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv lub network
Lub hnub qub topology: Hauv lub hnub qub topology, tag nrho cov khoom siv txuas nrog lub hauv paus.
Zoo:
- Yooj yim ntxiv thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv
- Yooj yim rau kev daws teeb meem
- Txhua lub cuab yeej muaj nws tus kheej kev sib txuas
tsis zoo:
- Yog tias lub tshuab nruab nrab tsis ua haujlwm, tag nrho lub network poob qis
Lub nplhaib topology: Nyob rau hauv ib lub nplhaib topology, txhua lub cuab yeej txuas nrog ob lwm yam khoom siv.
Zoo:
- Yooj yim rau kev daws teeb meem
- Txhua lub cuab yeej muaj nws tus kheej kev sib txuas
tsis zoo:
- Yog tias ib lub cuab yeej ua tsis tiav, tag nrho lub network poob
- Kev ua tau zoo txo qis vim muaj ntau cov khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv lub network
Mesh topology: Hauv ib lub mesh topology, txhua lub cuab yeej txuas nrog txhua lwm yam khoom siv.
Zoo:
- Txhua lub cuab yeej muaj nws tus kheej kev sib txuas
- Txhim khu kev qha
- Tsis muaj ib qho kev ua tsis tiav
tsis zoo:
- Ntau tshaj li lwm yam topologies
- Yooj yim rau kev daws teeb meem
- Kev ua tau zoo txo qis vim muaj ntau cov khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv lub network
3 Piv txwv ntawm Computer Networks
Piv txwv 1: Hauv kev teeb tsa chaw ua haujlwm, khoos phis tawj txuas nrog ib leeg siv lub network. Lub network no tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm sib faib cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv.
Piv txwv 2: Lub network hauv tsev tso cai rau cov khoom siv txuas rau hauv internet thiab sib qhia cov ntaub ntawv rau ib leeg.
Piv txwv 3: Ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes yog siv los txuas xov tooj thiab lwm yam khoom siv mobile rau hauv internet thiab ib leeg.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Computer Networks Ua Haujlwm Hauv Is Taws Nem?
Cov khoos phis tawj txuas nrog cov khoom siv hauv internet kom lawv tuaj yeem sib txuas lus. Thaum koj txuas rau hauv internet, koj lub computer xa thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub network. Cov ntaub ntawv no raug xa mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm pob ntawv. Txhua pob ntawv muaj ntaub ntawv txog qhov nws tuaj ntawm qhov twg thiab nws yuav mus qhov twg. Cov pob ntawv raug xa mus los ntawm lub network mus rau lawv qhov chaw.
Cov Kws Muab Kev Pab Hauv Is Taws Nem (ISP) muab kev sib txuas ntawm computer networks thiab internet. ISPs txuas rau lub khoos phis tawj network los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua peering. Peering yog thaum ob lossis ntau lub network txuas rau ib leeg kom lawv tuaj yeem sib pauv tsheb. Traffic yog cov ntaub ntawv uas xa tuaj ntawm tes hauj lwm.
Muaj plaub hom kev sib txuas ntawm ISP:
- Dial-up: Kev sib txuas dial-up siv ib kab xov tooj los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas qeeb tshaj plaws.
- DSL: Kev sib txuas DSL siv ib kab xov tooj los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas nrawm dua li dial-up.
- Cable: Kev sib txuas ntawm cable siv ib kab TV cable los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas ceev dua li DSL.
- Fiber ntau: Kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau siv cov fibers optical txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas ceev tshaj plaws.
Network Service Providers (NSPs) muab kev sib txuas ntawm computer networks thiab internet. NSPs txuas rau lub khoos phis tawj network los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua peering. Peering yog thaum ob lossis ntau lub network txuas rau ib leeg kom lawv tuaj yeem sib pauv tsheb. Traffic yog cov ntaub ntawv uas xa tuaj ntawm tes hauj lwm.
Muaj plaub hom kev sib txuas NSP:
- Dial-up: Kev sib txuas dial-up siv ib kab xov tooj los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas qeeb tshaj plaws.
- DSL: Kev sib txuas DSL siv ib kab xov tooj los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas nrawm dua li dial-up.
- Cable: Kev sib txuas ntawm cable siv ib kab TV cable los txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas ceev dua li DSL.
- Fiber ntau: Kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau siv cov fibers optical txuas rau hauv internet. Qhov no yog hom kev sib txuas ceev tshaj plaws.
Computer Network Architecture
Computer network architecture yog txoj hauv kev uas cov khoos phis tawj tau teeb tsa hauv lub network.
Ib tug phooj ywg-rau-peer (P2P) architecture yog lub network architecture uas txhua lub cuab yeej yog ob tus neeg siv khoom thiab server. Hauv P2P network, tsis muaj lub hauv paus server. Txhua lub cuab yeej txuas mus rau lwm lub cuab yeej hauv lub network los qhia cov peev txheej.
Tus neeg siv khoom-neeg rau zaub mov (C/S) architecture yog lub network architecture uas txhua lub cuab yeej yog tus neeg siv khoom lossis server. Hauv C / S network, muaj lub hauv paus server uas muab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom. Cov neeg siv khoom txuas mus rau lub server kom nkag mus rau cov peev txheej.
Peb-theem architecture yog lub network architecture uas txhua lub cuab yeej yog tus neeg siv khoom lossis server. Hauv peb-tier network, muaj peb hom khoom siv:
- Cov neeg siv khoom: Tus neeg siv khoom yog ib qho khoom siv uas txuas rau lub network.
- Cov servers: Lub server yog ib qho khoom siv uas muab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom ntawm a.
– Cov txheej txheem: Cov txheej txheem yog ib txheej ntawm cov cai uas tswj cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus hauv lub network.
Ib tug mesh architecture yog lub network architecture uas txhua lub cuab yeej txuas nrog txhua lwm yam khoom siv hauv lub network. Nyob rau hauv lub mesh network, tsis muaj central server. Txhua lub cuab yeej txuas mus rau lwm lub cuab yeej hauv lub network los qhia cov peev txheej.
A tag nrho mesh topology yog ib lub mesh architecture uas txhua lub cuab yeej txuas nrog txhua lwm yam khoom siv hauv lub network. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho mesh topology, tsis muaj central server. Txhua lub cuab yeej txuas mus rau lwm lub cuab yeej hauv lub network los qhia cov peev txheej.
A ib nrab mesh topology yog ib lub mesh architecture uas qee cov khoom siv txuas nrog txhua lwm yam khoom siv hauv lub network, tab sis tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv txuas nrog rau txhua yam khoom siv. Hauv ib feem mesh topology, tsis muaj lub hauv paus server. Qee cov khoom siv txuas rau txhua lwm yam khoom siv hauv lub network, tab sis tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv txuas mus rau lwm yam khoom siv.
A wireless mesh network (WMN) yog lub network mesh uas siv cov thev naus laus zis wireless los txuas cov khoom siv. WMNs feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov chaw pej xeem, xws li cov chaw ua si thiab khw kas fes, qhov twg nws yuav nyuaj rau kev xa cov xov hlau mesh.
Siv Load Balancers
Load balancers yog cov khoom siv uas faib cov tsheb thauj mus los hauv lub network. Load balancers txhim kho kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev faib tsheb sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network.
Thaum siv Load Balancers
Load balancers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv tes hauj lwm uas muaj tsheb khiav ntau heev. Piv txwv li, load balancers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab lub vev xaib ua liaj ua teb.
Yuav ua li cas Load Balancers ua haujlwm
Load balancers faib cov tsheb khiav thoob plaws hauv lub network los ntawm kev siv ntau yam algorithms. Feem ntau cov algorithm yog round-robin algorithm.
cov round-robin algorithm yog lub load-balancing algorithm uas faib cov tsheb sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network. Lub round-robin algorithm ua haujlwm los ntawm kev xa txhua qhov kev thov tshiab rau lub cuab yeej tom ntej hauv ib daim ntawv teev npe.
Lub round-robin algorithm yog ib qho yooj yim algorithm uas yooj yim rau kev siv. Txawm li cas los xij, round-robin algorithm tsis suav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network. Yog li ntawd, lub round-robin algorithm tej zaum yuav ua rau cov khoom siv los ua overloaded.
Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj peb cov khoom siv hauv lub network, qhov kev sib tw round-robin algorithm yuav xa thawj daim ntawv thov mus rau thawj lub cuab yeej, qhov kev thov thib ob rau lub cuab yeej thib ob, thiab qhov kev thov thib peb rau lub cuab yeej thib peb. Qhov kev thov thib plaub yuav raug xa mus rau thawj lub cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam.
Txhawm rau zam qhov teeb meem no, qee tus neeg siv khoom sib npaug siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv, xws li kev sib txuas tsawg kawg nkaus algorithm.
cov tsawg-kev sib txuas algorithm yog lub load-balancing algorithm uas xa txhua qhov kev thov tshiab rau lub cuab yeej nrog cov kev sib txuas tsawg tshaj plaws. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws-kev sib txuas algorithm ua haujlwm los ntawm kev taug qab cov naj npawb ntawm cov kev sib txuas nquag rau txhua lub cuab yeej hauv lub network.
Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws-kev sib txuas algorithm yog sophisticated ntau tshaj qhov round-robin algorithm, thiab muaj peev xwm faib tau zoo dua tsheb khiav mus rau ib tug network. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws-kev sib txuas algorithm yog qhov nyuaj rau kev siv ntau dua li qhov kev sib tw round-robin algorithm.
Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj peb cov khoom siv hauv lub network, thiab thawj lub cuab yeej muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, lub cuab yeej thib ob muaj plaub qhov kev sib txuas, thiab lub cuab yeej thib peb muaj ib qho kev sib txuas, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws-kev sib txuas algorithm yuav xa daim ntawv thov thib plaub rau thib peb ntaus ntawv.
Load balancers kuj tuaj yeem siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem los faib cov tsheb khiav thoob plaws hauv lub network. Piv txwv li, lub load balancer yuav siv lub round-robin algorithm los faib cov tsheb sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network, thiab tom qab ntawd siv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws-kev sib txuas algorithm los xa cov lus thov tshiab rau lub cuab yeej nrog tsawg tshaj plaws kev sib txuas.
Configuring Load Balancers
Load balancers yog configured siv ntau yam kev teeb tsa. Cov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov algorithms uas yog siv los faib cov tsheb thauj mus los, thiab cov khoom siv uas suav nrog hauv lub pas dej ua ke.
Load balancers tuaj yeem teeb tsa manually, lossis lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa tau. Kev teeb tsa tsis siv neeg feem ntau siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv, thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm phau ntawv feem ntau siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm me.
Thaum teeb tsa lub load balancer, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv qhov tsim nyog algorithms, thiab suav nrog tag nrho cov khoom siv uas yuav siv rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke.
Test Load Balancers
Load balancers can be tested using a variety of cuab yeej. The most important tool is a network traffic generator.
A network tsheb generator yog ib lub cuab yeej uas tsim kom muaj tsheb khiav hauv lub network. Network tsheb generators yog siv los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv network, xws li load balancers.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas sib txuas tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau hom tsheb, suav nrog HTTP tsheb, TCP tsheb, thiab UDP tsheb.
Load balancers kuj tuaj yeem sim siv ntau yam khoom siv ntsuas. Cov cuab yeej Benchmarking yog siv los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network.
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib npaug hauv ntau yam kev mob, xws li cov khoom sib txawv, cov xwm txheej sib txawv, thiab cov kev teeb tsa sib txawv.
Load balancers kuj tuaj yeem sim siv ntau yam kev soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej. Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas yog siv los taug qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network.
Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tuaj yeem siv los taug qab qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom sib npaug hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, xws li cov khoom sib txawv, cov xwm txheej sib txawv, thiab cov kev teeb tsa sib txawv.
Hauv Xaus:
Load balancers yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ntau lub network. Load balancers yog siv los faib cov tsheb thauj mus los thoob plaws lub network, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv network.
Content Delivery Networks (CDN)
Lub Network Xa Khoom (CDN) yog lub network ntawm cov servers uas siv los xa cov ntsiab lus rau cov neeg siv.
CDNs feem ntau yog siv los xa cov ntsiab lus uas nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, CDN yuav raug siv los xa cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov hauv Tebchaws Europe mus rau cov neeg siv hauv Asia.
CDNs kuj feem ntau siv los xa cov ntsiab lus uas nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, CDN yuav raug siv los xa cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov hauv Tebchaws Europe mus rau cov neeg siv hauv Asia.
CDNs feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vev xaib thiab cov ntawv thov. CDNs kuj tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov ntsiab lus muaj.
Configuring CDNs
CDNs tau teeb tsa siv ntau qhov chaw. Cov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov servers uas siv los xa cov ntsiab lus, thiab cov ntsiab lus uas xa los ntawm CDN.
CDNs tuaj yeem teeb tsa manually, lossis lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa tau. Kev teeb tsa tsis siv neeg feem ntau siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv, thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm phau ntawv feem ntau siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm me.
Thaum teeb tsa CDN, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov servers tsim nyog, thiab teeb tsa CDN kom xa cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau ua.
Kev kuaj CDNs
CDNs tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv ntau yam cuab yeej. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob network tsheb.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob network tsheb yog ib qho cuab yeej uas tsim cov tsheb khiav hauv lub network. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsheb sib txuas tau siv los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv network, xws li CDNs.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas sib txuas tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau hom tsheb, suav nrog HTTP tsheb, TCP tsheb, thiab UDP tsheb.
CDNs kuj tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv ntau yam khoom siv ntsuas ntsuas. Cov cuab yeej Benchmarking yog siv los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network.
Cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm CDNs nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev mob, xws li kev thauj khoom sib txawv, kev sib txawv network, thiab kev teeb tsa sib txawv.
CDNs kuj tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv ntau yam kev soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej. Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas yog siv los taug qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network.
Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tuaj yeem siv los taug qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm CDNs nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej, xws li kev thauj khoom sib txawv, cov xwm txheej sib txawv hauv lub network, thiab cov kev teeb tsa sib txawv.
Hauv Xaus:
CDNs yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ntau lub network. CDNs yog siv los xa cov ntsiab lus rau cov neeg siv, thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov vev xaib thiab cov ntawv thov. CDNs tuaj yeem teeb tsa manually, lossis lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa tau. CDNs tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv ntau yam cuab yeej, suav nrog cov tshuab hluav taws xob hauv network thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas. Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas kuj tuaj yeem siv los taug qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm CDNs.
network Security
Kev ruaj ntseg Network yog qhov kev coj ua ntawm kev ruaj ntseg lub computer network los ntawm kev siv tsis tau tso cai. Cov ntsiab lus nkag rau hauv lub network muaj xws li:
- Lub cev nkag mus rau lub network: Qhov no suav nrog kev nkag mus rau lub network hardware, xws li routers thiab keyboards.
- Logical nkag mus rau lub network: Qhov no suav nrog kev nkag mus rau lub network software, xws li kev khiav haujlwm thiab kev siv.
Cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg network muaj xws li:
- Kev txheeb xyuas: Qhov no yog txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas leej twg lossis dab tsi tab tom sim nkag mus rau lub network.
-Authentication: Qhov no yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb tias tus neeg siv lossis cov cuab yeej siv tau.
- Tso cai: Qhov no yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cai lossis tsis lees paub hauv kev nkag mus rau lub network raws li tus kheej ntawm tus neeg siv lossis lub cuab yeej.
- Accounting: Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev taug qab thiab txiav tag nrho cov haujlwm network.
Network kev ruaj ntseg technologies muaj xws li:
- Firewalls: Lub firewall yog ib qho khoom siv kho vajtse lossis software uas lim cov tsheb khiav ntawm ob lub network.
- Intrusion detection systems: Ib qho kev kuaj pom kev nkag teb chaws yog ib daim ntawv thov software uas saib xyuas cov haujlwm hauv network rau cov cim ntawm kev nkag.
- Virtual private networks: Lub network ntiag tug virtual yog qhov chaw ruaj ntseg ntawm ob lossis ntau lub cuab yeej.
Network kev ruaj ntseg cov cai are the rules and regulations that govern how a network is to be used and accessed. Policies typically cover topics such as acceptable use, lo lus zais management, and data security. Security policies are important because they help to ensure that the network is used in a safe and responsible manner.
Thaum tsim ib txoj cai kev ruaj ntseg network, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog cov hauv qab no:
- Hom network: Txoj cai ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tsim nyog rau hom kev siv network. Piv txwv li, ib txoj cai rau lub koom haum intranet yuav txawv ntawm txoj cai rau ib lub vev xaib pej xeem.
- Qhov loj ntawm lub network: Txoj cai ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tsim nyog rau qhov loj ntawm lub network. Piv txwv li, txoj cai rau lub chaw ua haujlwm me me yuav txawv ntawm txoj cai rau lub lag luam loj network.
- Cov neeg siv ntawm lub network: Txoj cai tswjfwm kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv ntawm lub network. Piv txwv li, txoj cai rau lub network siv los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav txawv ntawm txoj cai rau lub network siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
- Cov peev txheej ntawm lub network: Txoj cai tswjfwm kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov hom kev pab cuam uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub network. Piv txwv li, txoj cai rau lub network nrog cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev yuav txawv ntawm txoj cai rau lub network nrog cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem.
Kev ruaj ntseg network yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua lub koom haum uas siv computers khaws lossis faib cov ntaub ntawv. Los ntawm kev siv cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb thiab thev naus laus zis, cov koom haum tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv lawv cov tes hauj lwm los ntawm kev nkag tsis tau thiab nkag mus.
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/mNYJC_qOrDw
Txoj Cai Siv Tau Txais
Txoj cai siv tau yog ib txheej txheej txheem uas txhais tau tias yuav siv lub computer network li cas. Txoj cai siv tau feem ntau suav nrog cov ncauj lus xws li kev siv tau ntawm lub network, kev tswj tus password, thiab kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv. Kev lees paub siv cov cai yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias lawv pab kom ntseeg tau tias lub network siv tau zoo thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm.
Kev tswj tus password
Kev tswj tus password yog tus txheej txheem tsim, khaws cia, thiab tiv thaiv tus password. Cov passwords yog siv los nkag rau hauv computer networks, kev siv, thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Cov cai tswj hwm tus password feem ntau suav nrog cov ncauj lus xws li lub zog ntawm tus password, lub sijhawm dhau los ntawm tus password, thiab rov qab lo lus zais.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv yog kev xyaum tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev nkag mus tsis tau tso cai. Cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg technologies muaj xws li encryption, nkag mus tswj, thiab tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv to. Cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg cov cai feem ntau suav nrog cov ncauj lus xws li kev faib cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tuav cov ntaub ntawv.
Network Security Checklist
- Txhais lub Scope ntawm lub network.
- Txheeb xyuas cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm lub network.
- Classify cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub network.
- Xaiv cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg uas tsim nyog.
- Ua raws li kev ruaj ntseg technologies.
- Ntsuam xyuas cov cuab yeej kev ruaj ntseg.
- xa cov technologies kev ruaj ntseg.
- Saib xyuas lub network kom pom cov cim ntawm kev nkag.
- teb rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev nkag.
- hloov kho cov cai tswj kev ruaj ntseg thiab thev naus laus zis raws li xav tau.
Hauv kev ruaj ntseg network, hloov kho software thiab kho vajtse yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyob ua ntej ntawm qhov nkhaus. Cov kev pheej hmoo tshiab tau raug tshawb pom tas li, thiab kev tawm tsam tshiab tau tsim. Los ntawm kev ua kom software thiab kho vajtse hloov tshiab, cov tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau zoo dua ntawm cov kev hem thawj no.
Kev ruaj ntseg network yog lub ntsiab lus nyuaj, thiab tsis muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas yuav tiv thaiv lub network los ntawm txhua qhov kev hem thawj. Qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg network yog ib txheej txheej uas siv ntau yam thev naus laus zis thiab cov cai.
Dab tsi yog Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kev Siv Lub Computer Network?
Muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv computer network, suav nrog:
- Ntau cov khoom tsim tau: Cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem faib cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm.
- Txo cov nqi: Cov tes hauj lwm yuav txuag tau nyiaj los ntawm kev sib faib cov peev txheej xws li tshuab luam ntawv thiab tshuab luam ntawv.
- Txhim kho kev sib txuas lus: Networks ua kom yooj yim xa cov lus thiab txuas nrog lwm tus.
- Muaj kev ruaj ntseg: Networks tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tswj xyuas leej twg nkag mus rau nws.
- Txhim kho kev ntseeg siab: Networks tuaj yeem muab redundancy, uas txhais tau hais tias yog ib feem ntawm lub network poob qis, lwm qhov tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
Ntsiab lus
IT networking yog lub ntsiab lus nyuaj, tab sis tsab xov xwm no yuav tsum tau muab rau koj nkag siab zoo txog cov hauv paus. Hauv cov ntawv yav tom ntej, peb yuav tham txog cov ncauj lus siab dua xws li kev ruaj ntseg network thiab kev daws teeb meem hauv network.
