7 Lub Tswv Yim Ntawm Kev Tswj Koj Cov Codebase Hauv Huab
Introduction
Kev tswj hwm Codebase tej zaum yuav tsis zoo li qhov zoo siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom koj software hloov tshiab. Yog tias koj tsis tswj hwm koj cov codebase kom zoo, yuav muaj txhua yam teeb meem nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ces kaum. Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib xya lub tswv yim uas yuav pab tau koj kom tswj hwm koj cov codebases zoo.
1. Lub hom phiaj rau kev sib haum xeeb
Ib qho ntawm cov yuam sij loj tshaj plaws rau kev tswj hwm codebase zoo yog qhov sib xws, uas txhais tau tias kom txhua tus neeg koom nrog tau nkag mus rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev cai thiab cov txheej txheem txij hnub ib. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no ua rau cov neeg tsim khoom paub meej tias lawv yuav tsum ua li cas nrog lawv cov cai, thaum tseem ua rau cov software tswj tau yooj yim dua.
Qhov thib ob ntawm qhov no yog sib xws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm yuav ua li cas ntaub ntawv yog sau tseg. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem muaj qee tus neeg tsim khoom siv kev tswj hwm thiab lwm tus tsis siv nws kiag li. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog daim ntawv qhia rau kev puas tsuaj hauv kab thaum koj xav rov qab mus thiab nrhiav seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim nrog ib qho kev cog lus lossis kev tsim yav dhau los. Txawm tias theem twg koj pab neeg yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lawv cov codebase tswj evolution, xyuas kom meej tias txhua leej txhua tus ua hauj lwm mus rau ib tug raws qib ntawm kev sau lawv cov hauj lwm kom ntxov li sai tau.
2. Distributed Version Control Systems (DVCS) yog pab tau
Distributed version control systems cia cov neeg tsim khoom coj lawv cov chaw cia khoom offline yog tias lawv xav tau ua li ntawd, cia lawv ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm yam tsis tau txuas nrog lub vev xaib. Qhov no yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau txhua pab pawg txhim kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho kev faib tawm uas tej zaum yuav tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau kev sib txuas hauv internet sib xws lossis kev sib txuas hauv network ruaj khov.
Kev siv DVCS kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab nrog kev sib xws thiab kev ua raws, ua kom yooj yim kom tau txais qib zoo ntawm kev kaw cia. Yog tias koj siv Git rau koj qhov kev tswj hwm version cuab yeej (qhov kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws), tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem siv Github qhov twg tag nrho koj cov cai ntawm lub chaw khaws cia tau txiav txim siab nrog cov neeg siv kev sib cuam tshuam tsawg.
3. Automate Txhua yam
Automation tsis yog siv rau kev sim thiab xa tawm - yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tag nrho cov txheej txheem thaum nws los txog rau koj li cas koj tswj koj cov codebase, ces yog vim li cas tsis koj? Thaum ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem no dhau los ua phau ntawv, muaj feem yuav muaj qee yam yuav mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm qhov chaw hauv kab.
Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev rub tawm qhov hloov tshiab tsis tu ncua thiab tshuaj xyuas cov kab mob lossis rov ua dua - los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem no koj paub tseeb tias txhua yam ua tiav raws nraim li txhua zaus nws yuav tsum tau ua. Koj tuaj yeem txawm tias automate tej yam xws li kev sim ntawm ntau lub platform, uas tej zaum yuav los yog tsis tau ploj thaum koj tau ua lawv manually hauv thawj qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua qhov no tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua li sim nco ntsoov qhov koj tau ua lub lim tiam dhau los! Automation txiav tawm tib neeg kev ua yuam kev thiab ua kom txhua yam khiav zoo dua.
4. Paub koj qhov chaw tswj qhov system sab hauv
Kev paub txog koj qhov kev tswj hwm qhov system tuaj yeem yog me ntsis ntawm slog, tab sis nws yuav ntau dua li them nyiaj ntxiv hauv kab. Qhov phem tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau yog pib siv kev tswj hwm version yam tsis tau kawm paub siv nws kom raug, vim qhov no yog qhov uas koj yuav ua txhua yam koj ua yuam kev thiab khaws cov cwj pwm phem uas tuaj yeem ua teeb meem ntxiv rau thaum koj xav rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm. nrog koj codebase.
Thaum koj tau paub txog qhov nkag thiab tawm ntawm koj qhov kev tswj hwm qhov chaw xaiv, ces txhua yam yuav tuaj yooj yim dua thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tsawg. Kev paub txog cov cuab yeej no yuav siv sij hawm thiab xyaum tab sis - muab koj tus kheej ib co leeway yog tias tej yam tsis ua hauj lwm zoo kawg nkaus thawj zaug!
5. Siv cov cuab yeej zoo
Nco ntsoov tias koj siv cov cuab yeej xaiv zoo los tswj koj cov codebase tuaj yeem pab tau, txawm tias qhov ntawd suav nrog ib lossis ob qhov sib txawv ntawm software. Kev siv Continuous Integration (CI) thiab Continuous Delivery (CD) cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem pab daws qhov teeb meem no, los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem tswj hwm los yog coj mus rau ib kauj ruam ntxiv mus rau kev sim ntsuas, tshaj tawm thiab lwm theem hauv txoj kev txhim kho.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm no yog Codeship uas muaj ob qho kev pabcuam CI thiab CD ua ib feem ntawm pob ntau dua rau cov neeg tsim khoom - nws ua kom yooj yim tsim teeb tsa ntawm GitHub, cov haujlwm ntiag tug ntawm GitLab repositories, Docker ntim rau kev xa tawm thiab ntau dua. Hom kev pabcuam no tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej yooj yim dua thaum nws los tswj koj cov codebase, yog li nws yog ib yam uas koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas yog tias koj tsis tau.
6. Txiav txim seb leej twg tau nkag mus rau dab tsi
Txawm hais tias muaj coob tus neeg nkag mus rau koj qhov project yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, nws kuj ua rau lub neej nyuaj thaum nws los txog rau kev taug qab txhua tus neeg yog tias muaj dab tsi xav tau kho lossis saib dua. Kev kho txhua yam uas nkag mus rau hauv codebase yog muaj rau txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom txhua tus paub tias lawv nyob qhov twg yog qhov kev nkag siab zoo uas tuaj yeem pab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntxiv mus. Thaum ib tug neeg ua yuam kev ntawm ib qho ntaub ntawv piv txwv, qhov no yuav ua rau pej xeem paub tom qab ua nws rov qab rau hauv kev tswj hwm version - thiab tom qab ntawd ib tus neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau tib qhov teeb meem.
7. Siv koj lub tswv yim kev ua haujlwm rau koj qhov zoo
Siv branching raws li ib feem ntawm koj version tswj system yuav pab tau heev thaum nws los txog rau taug qab qhov twg qhov chaw ntawm codebase hloov thiab leej twg yog lub luag hauj lwm rau dab tsi - ntxiv rau, nws kuj yuav pab tau koj saib ntau npaum li cas ua hauj lwm tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug project dhau sijhawm los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas nws cov ceg sib txawv. Cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem ua tus cawm seej yog tias muaj qee yam tsis raug nrog ib qho kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb uas tau ua - koj tuaj yeem rub lawv rov qab tau yooj yim dua thiab kho cov teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim ua ntej lawv raug thawb mus rau cov servers nyob lwm qhov.
Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv 8. Tsis txhob thawb koj cov kev hloov pauv sai heev yam tsis tau sim ua ntej… Ntxiv dua!
Kev hloov pauv rau koj tus lej codebase tuaj yeem yooj yim, tab sis nws tseem ceeb tsis txhob maj mus rau theem no. Yog tias lub laub mus nyob uas muaj qee yam kev ua yuam kev hauv nws, ces koj tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau teev lossis hnub debugging thiab sim taug qab qhov teeb meem koj tus kheej yog tias koj tsis tau tso sijhawm txaus rau kev sim ua ntej - qhov ntawd yog tshwj tsis yog tias muaj qee yam zoo li Codeship ntawm tes los pab nrog kev sim thiab kev xa tawm!
Txawm li cas los xij zoo koj cov txheej txheem kuaj tau teeb tsa li cas los xij, qee zaum tej yam yuav plam los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Nws tshwm sim thaum tib neeg tau nkees thiab cuam tshuam tom qab hnub ua haujlwm ntev yam tsis muaj kev so ntau - ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab tshuaj xyuas seb yuav ua li cas rau hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag tuaj yeem ua tus cawm seej thaum cov kev ua yuam kev no tshwm sim, txawm li cas los xij.
Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv 9. Kawm txhua yam Koj Ua Tau Txog Koj Cov Txheej Txheem Tswjhwm
Ua kom nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshiab thiab cov kev hloov kho tshiab hauv koj qhov tshwj xeeb version tswj software pob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb thaum nws los txog rau kev siv thev naus laus zis - qhov no yuav tsis zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog kev tswj hwm codebase thaum xub thawj, tab sis sai sai koj yuav pom cov txiaj ntsig. yog tias koj nyob ua ntej ntawm qhov kev ua si thiab paub tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm kev txhim kho tuaj yeem muaj rau Git uas tib neeg tau siv kom zoo dua, xws li "git ceg -d". Txawm li cas los xij zoo koj cov txheej txheem kuaj tau teeb tsa li cas los xij, qee zaum tej yam yuav plam los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Nws tshwm sim thaum tib neeg tau nkees thiab cuam tshuam tom qab hnub ua haujlwm ntev yam tsis muaj kev so ntau - ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab tshuaj xyuas seb yuav ua li cas rau hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag tuaj yeem ua tus cawm seej thaum cov kev ua yuam kev no tshwm sim, txawm li cas los xij.
xaus
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas muaj kev tswj hwm codebase zoo hauv qhov chaw tuaj yeem pab ua rau koj lub neej yooj yim dua. Yog tias teeb tsa kom raug, qhov system no muab rau koj saib tsis muaj nuj nqis rau hauv qhov tau ua tiav ntawm qhov project kom deb li deb thiab ua rau nws yooj yim los txheeb xyuas txhua yam teeb meem nrog rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb sai. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom siv Git lossis tsis, tag nrho cov lus qhia no yuav tsum pab ua kom txhua yam ua haujlwm zoo - tsis txhob hnov qab rov qab mus sai sai rau ntau cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm kev tswj hwm version!…
